Saturday, January 25, 2020
Advertisements, Codes and Fairy Tales :: essays research papers
Advertisements, Codes and Fairy Tales à à à à à Many advertisements use codes to convey a fairy tale to consumers, usually resulting in a happy ending. This occurs at the expense of the price and means being set aside. Most advertisements rely heavily on visual props and sometimes on text to convey their meaning. These codes are open to many interpretations. This ad is no exception. It uses the visual code on many different levels, and the text is there mainly for explanatory purposes. These codes all have references to the story-line of Magic: two sorcerers using spells to fight each other over imaginary regions of land. The advertisement tries unsuccessfully to convey a happy ending, like in a fairy tale, to the consumer, while sacrificing price and means. à à à à à The code of spatial order is used to show the reader advancements in periods of time. These advancements can be seen as one looks at the ad from the lower-left corner in a clockwise circle. The first object one would see is a skull from a Woolly Mammoth, which is symbolic of prehistoric times. The next object, a computer, stands out because it does not fit the pattern of chronological order. Wizards of the Coast and Microprose, the advertisers, use this purposely by drawing attention to the computer and consequently the computer game. The computer falls into another pattern. This pattern goes in the same order, clock-wise, but alternates between Magic (the game) and something pertaining to the background of the game. The next objects are tarot cards and a spell book, both of which follow the patterns. These objects, along with the mood of the entire ad being dark, may be interpreted by the consumer to mean death or the devil. This is based on cultural beliefs and rituals. Most people believe angels and good guys wear white, and therefore devils and bad guys dress in black. Also, people usually wear black clothing to funerals, which is essentially a ritual for death. The next item in the pattern is actual cards from the game of Magic. These cards follow chronological order because they are the result of the movable-type printing press being invented in the 18th or 19th century. The final components are a CD-ROM disk and a mouse. These show how science and technology have advance in the 20th century, and it also reminds the consumer of the computer, and consequently the computer game. à à à à à This printed sales pitch also uses dark and bright colors that contrast each other to give the consumer more information about the game. The ad itself is dark and mystic, somewhat evil; it also has blue, mystical back-lighting.
Thursday, January 16, 2020
Advantages of Human Genetic Engineering Essay
Genetic engineering in its present form has been around for approximately twenty five years. The dictionary defines human genetic engineering as the alteration of an individualââ¬â¢s genotype with the aim of choosing the phenotype of a newborn or changing the existing phenotype of a child or adult. There are many social consequences that are associated with genetic engineering which has caused much debate from its beginning in 1970s. The benefits of human genetic engineering are endless, the most predominant advantages include curing genetic diseases, increasing human immunity, and the production of more effective pharmaceuticals. The most promising benefit of human genetic engineering is gene therapy. Gene therapy is the medical treatment of a disease by repairing or replacing defective genes or introducing therapeutic genes to fight the disease. Over the past ten years, certain autoimmune diseases ââ¬â diseases resulting from a disordered immune system reaction ââ¬â and heart disease have been treated with gene therapy. Many diseases, such as Huntingtonââ¬â¢s disease, Lou Gehrigââ¬â¢s disease, or. ALS, and cystic fibrosis are caused by a defective gene. The hope is that soon, through genetic engineering, a cure can be found for these diseases by either inserting a corrected gene, modifying the defective gene, or even performing genetic surgery. Eventually the hope is to completely eliminate certain genetic diseases as well as treat non-genetic diseases with an appropriate gene therapy. Gene therapy researchers are also studying ways to improve a patientââ¬â¢s immune response to cancer. In this approach, the treatment is used to stimulate the bodyââ¬â¢s natural ability to attack cancer cells. In one method, researchers take a small blood sample from a patient and insert genes that will cause each cell to produce a protein called a T-cell receptor, or TCR, which is responsible for recognizing antigens and disease fighting antibodies. The genes are transferred into the patientââ¬â¢s white blood cells and are then given back to the patient. In the body the TCRs then recognize and attach to certain molecules found on the surface of the tumor cells. Finally, the TCRs activate the white blood cells to attack and kill the tumor cells. Scientists are also investigating the insertion of genes into cancer cells to make them more sensitive to chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or other treatments. In other studies, researchers remove healthy blood-forming stem cells from the body, insert a gene that makes these cells more resistant to the side effects of high doses of anticancer drugs, and then inject the cells back into the patient. Human genetic engineering can also be used as a disease preventative by increasing ones immunity. People infected with a serious illness may not show symptoms of the disease for long periods of time. These latent, or inactive, infections can develop into an active disease without warning and also can be passed on to others. This new approach focuses on controlling or stimulating the immune system to cure latent infections and prevent them from causing disease. This research in immunity has the potential to significantly reduce illness, death, and disease transmission. An example of this preventative application is the improvement in the treatment of HIV. The AIDS/HIV disease is a viral infection that destroys immune responses. The disease can be treated with drugs, however these drugs do not eliminate the virus from the body. Currently a patient must remain on these drugs for the remainder of their life. The purpose of genetic engineeringââ¬â¢s pre-clinical studies is to advance towards clinical trials with a cell-based method of enhancing the patientââ¬â¢s own immune response against the virus. This approach involves identifying anti-HIV receptors that will be introduced into the patientââ¬â¢s own blood-forming stem cells. This approach has the potential to provide long-term immune control of virus replication, and may require only one or a few administrations. Another benefit from the study of human gene altering is with the creation of new drugs. Pharmaceutical advances in genetic engineering have made it possible to use plants as factories for protein production. Plant-made pharmaceuticals are made by inserting a segment of DNA that encodes the protein of choice into plant cells. The plants or plant cells are essentially factories used to produce the desired proteins and are only grown for the purpose of human pharmaceuticals. An example of this pharmaceutical application is gene splicing, one of the earliest uses of genetic engineering. Gene splicing was first used to manufacture large amounts of insulin, which was made using cells of E. coli bacteria. Interferon, which is used to eliminate certain viruses and kill cancer cells, is also a product of genetic engineering. Another byproduct is a type of human growth hormone; itââ¬â¢s used to treat dwarfism and is produced through genetically engineered bacteria and yeasts. Today, research in the field of human genetic engineering continues to be used in the production of a variety of drugs and hormones for medical advantages. Human genetic engineering ââ¬â the application of scientific methods, procedures, and technologies that allow manipulation of genetic material in order to alter the hereditary traits ââ¬â is a topic that had been debated about for many years. The field of human genetic engineering is growing and changing at a tremendous pace. Future advance in genetic engineering could possibly eliminate diseases, deformities, prolong life, and overall improve human life.
Wednesday, January 8, 2020
10 Questions to Ask For-Profit Online Colleges
Not all for-profit colleges are scams. In fact, some offer students flexibility and a career-oriented learning style that can be difficult to find elsewhere. On the other hand, some online for-profit programs rake in big money while leaving students with lots of debt and few job prospects. If youââ¬â¢re considering enrolling in a for-profit online college, hold off on signing that first tuition check until you get answers to these ten questions: 1. What is the colleges accreditation status? Youââ¬â¢ll want to make sure that your schoolââ¬â¢s accreditation is recognized by the United States Department of Education. The most transferable form of accreditation comes from the six nationally-recognized regional accrediting bodies. 2. Is the school now (or has it ever been) on one of the federal financial watch lists? The federal government recently released a list of colleges that are being monitored due to concerning financial behavior. Although the list isnââ¬â¢t comprehensive, youââ¬â¢ll want to make sure your college isnââ¬â¢t on it. 3. What is the colleges graduation rate? Find out what percent of students who start the program end up graduating. If this number is particularly low, itââ¬â¢s a good indicator that the school may not be providing a quality experience or enough student support. 4. How many students who graduate from the program are able to find a career in their field? The federal government is starting to crack down on for-profit programs that charge a lot for tuition and leave students in the dark when it comes to career prospects. Make sure your investment is worthwhile - youââ¬â¢ll want to know that a reasonable percentage of graduates in your program are able to find employment. 5. How long does it actually take most students to graduate from this program? Itââ¬â¢s likely that the average is longer than 4 years. But, if students are taking 6-8 years to earn an undergraduate degree, that might be a sign to look elsewhere. 6. How much student debt does the average student in this program take on? Tuition prices may be posted. But, how much debt are students actually accruing? When you factor in student fees, additional coursework, textbooks, and graduation charges, expenses start to add up. You donââ¬â¢t want to graduate with a photography degree and $100,000 of student debt. Make sure that your debt wonââ¬â¢t be too challenging to manage with your expected income. 7. What kind of access to career development does the school offer? Traditional schools tend to offer job fairs, employer meet-and-greets, resume reviews, and other career development options. Does your for-profit program provide any services to help put your degree to use? 8. What other schools or parent companies is this for-profit program connected with? Some for-profit schools are part of larger conglomerate of schools. Sometimes, when a for-profit program fails, it takes new life with a new name. Do a bit of research into your collegeââ¬â¢s history and make sure theyââ¬â¢ve been thriving for a while. 9. What are the advantages of choosing this school over a non-profit alternative? Some for-profit schools offer legitimate advantages. They may be able to let you focus on your career rather than saddle you with too many general ed requirements. Or, they may be able to help you finish a degree in less time and with less expense. However, this isnââ¬â¢t always the case. Find out by comparing your for-profit options with similar non-profit and public colleges. 10. How does this school track their statistics? Donââ¬â¢t just ask the above questions to a telephone recruiter and call it a day. Learn where and how they are collecting this information. Then, double-check the numbers with outside sources. Donââ¬â¢t rely on any school to give you the full picture without your own research to back it up. Jamie Littlefield is a writer and instructional designer. She can be reached on Twitter or through her educational coaching website: jamielittlefield.com.
Tuesday, December 31, 2019
The Top Job Search Mistakes 2019
We all know that going to college provides a great education and the possibility of a future, but there are some things that you do not learn in college that are important. Job search skills are often overlooked by people who see the ticket to a better future as just a college diploma. A college diploma is important, but it is not the entire picture. In todays competitive job market it is those who know how to search for jobs, craft winning resumes, and interview like professionals that will get the best jobs. To help you out in your post college job search, here are the top job search mistakes that will sabotage your chances: 1. Relying on outdated information Job searching has changed so much within the past 10 years that most sources are out of date and antiquated to say the least. Social media has changed the way we look for jobs and hire people. It is important to utilize up to date sources that have usable information relevant to todays market place. This means up to date market research, job search strategies, and the like. .u14e4fe419365bc3be427e4eb03b82721 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u14e4fe419365bc3be427e4eb03b82721:active, .u14e4fe419365bc3be427e4eb03b82721:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u14e4fe419365bc3be427e4eb03b82721 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u14e4fe419365bc3be427e4eb03b82721 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u14e4fe419365bc3be427e4eb03b82721 .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u14e4fe419365bc3be427e4eb03b82721:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Health Care Degree Opportunities2. Listing job duties on your resume rather than accomplishments How does an employer know if you were successful on the job if you just list your duties? You might have sucked at those duties. Job descriptions belong on a job posting ââ¬â not your resume. You need to separate yourself from the pack by showing your job effectiveness. 3. Thinking your resume has to cover everything youve ever done Your resume should be a targeted document specific to the job. Your resume should fit like a glove in the context of the job you are applying to. That means you should highlight some accomplishments and skills while leaving irrelevant ones out. 4. Sending resume without a cover letter Sending out your resume without a cover letter is a waste of time, effort and paper. That might have worked back in the bull market days, but todays market place demands you send out a cover letter. .ub1b2ea5ba5238b02224f7eedc3165b39 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .ub1b2ea5ba5238b02224f7eedc3165b39:active, .ub1b2ea5ba5238b02224f7eedc3165b39:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .ub1b2ea5ba5238b02224f7eedc3165b39 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .ub1b2ea5ba5238b02224f7eedc3165b39 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .ub1b2ea5ba5238b02224f7eedc3165b39 .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .ub1b2ea5ba5238b02224f7eedc3165b39:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Find Science and Engineering Degree Programs5. Too much follow up You might be anxious, but do not let that make you become an annoyance to the employer by following up too much. Its okay to call if you have not heard in awhile or the date has passed when they said they would contact you. Anymore than that and you risk becoming a pest. 6. Not prepping for interviews This is inexcusable. Not preparing for interviews is a rookie mistake. Employers can immediately tell those who have prepared and those who have not. Simply not preparing will often rule you out. 7. Using gimmicks Your qualifications and accomplishments should stand on their own merit. You do not need to use a gimmick such as weird resume paper, sending cookies, and making a video resume on YouTube. 8. Using updated references You want to make sure you use up to date references that you are in contact with. And always provide up to date contact information. .u99ce3fa7ecb2f5653111d5b2a326d98e { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u99ce3fa7ecb2f5653111d5b2a326d98e:active, .u99ce3fa7ecb2f5653111d5b2a326d98e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u99ce3fa7ecb2f5653111d5b2a326d98e { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u99ce3fa7ecb2f5653111d5b2a326d98e .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u99ce3fa7ecb2f5653111d5b2a326d98e .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u99ce3fa7ecb2f5653111d5b2a326d98e:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Bachelor Degree in Business AdministrationRelated ArticlesThe Human Resources DepartmentOnline Degree Programs 5 Most Rewarding CareersHow to Handle a Group InterviewRN to BSN Program Nursing Students Discuss Financial Payoffs of Higher EducationHow to find the Perfect Part Time JobConsulting in the Human Resources Field
Monday, December 23, 2019
A Strategic Human Resource Management Perspective
This report is concerned with analysing waterside Publications Limited from a strategic Human Resource management perspective, which is being taken over by the Americans. The Purpose of the report is to analyse both the management styles on the HRM perspective and make recommendations for the improvement of the people in order to function within the company, will look at the pestle analysis, stakeholder, strategy development, sustaining a competitive advantage, human and social development and organisational dimensions. Stakeholder Analysis According to Johnson and Scholes (1997) states that ââ¬Å" stakeholders are those individuals or groups who depend on the organisation to fulfil their own goals and on whom, in turn, the organisationâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Powers of the shareholder In Alan and Kim era, as the shareholders they greatly influence the way Waterside Publications Limited is operated. They are decide who will be the company management and who will be in the board of directors. They have the voting rights on all the decisions concerning the company, this means that the important decisions affecting the company such as mergers, cannot be made without their consent. As shareholders their decisions is final, but they also listened to their employees and take into account their decisions too. On the other hand the Americans their management was different , they made all the decisions . Notably, anyone cannot change what has been jointly agreed upon the top management. Alan and Kim also have the power to make by-laws of the company. By-laws refer to a set of rules and rules that administrate the operation of the company, but they operated in a more relaxed atmosphere, while the Americans exercised power from the top management through formal systems and procedures that all the employees of the company abide by these by-laws. The company holds meetings all the time with Alan and Kim to discuss and review the performance of the company. In this meeting, they review the companyââ¬â¢s accounts for transparency and productivity check. On the other hand the Americans did hold formalShow MoreRelatedImplementation Of A Strategic Management System835 Words à |à 4 Pagesbalanced scorecardââ¬â¢s learning and growth perspective information requirements. The balanced scorecard includes financial and nonfinancial measures from which performance is compared to as part of a strategic management system. The REA framework focuses on economic activity (ver y close to the traditional accounting view) whereas the balanced scorecard goes beyond economic information to include external information not directly tied to economic events and strategic initiatives. 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Sunday, December 15, 2019
Pros and Cons of Attending School Online or on Campus Free Essays
My Pros and Cons of Attending College Online or On Campus Lavesha Dailey Eng 121 Elizabeth Hoyle July 10 ,2011 Throughout America people often tend to compare things. Some of the things that are being compared are more important to some peoples than the other. I love to compared thing like online schools or on campus schools. We will write a custom essay sample on Pros and Cons of Attending School Online or on Campus or any similar topic only for you Order Now These two schools are often compared by the time consuming, less work and may even by the time being able to spend at home. But first the most important thing about these two schools would first be the time consuming. Time consuming is very important when going to school. Going to school online you donââ¬â¢t have to work about getting up and getting dress or even finding something to wear. You can simply go to school in your pjs because you are in the privacy of your own home. And you donââ¬â¢t even have to worry about being late for class. But on the other hand when attending an on campus college you have worry about all types of things like to get up and get ready for school and also worrying about things such as finding something to wear, combing your hair or making sure that you are on time for school before getting count absent. In other words going to school on campus really takes more effort and time then just simply just going to school online. But another way going to school online is better than going on campus is that there seems to be less work in class to do. Ok, I have notice a lot of things about going to school online and going to school on campus. I personally prefer going to school online mostly because there is less work to be done. I remember when I use to attend Alabama Southern Community College, I was always pack with more things then I can handle. I would start my day off by getting up, finding clothes, combing my hair, showering ectâ⬠¦ Then after that I would have to go gas up my car because it was costing me twenty dollars a day to drive to school from where I lived. Gas is another factor when attending an campus college because it can get to be really expensive. But when attending I would always have a lot of books for different classes that I was taking. And when you are a full time student in school you have to have at least twelve credits or more so that like three to four or more classes a week in order to get all of your credits. Even after all of this homework tend to be giving in some of the classes. Also tests in different classes on the same day are giving too. When on the other hand I notice now that I am currently attending Ashford University Online, I have one class and I am consider to be full time. The school work is aslo spaced out and I am not all giving piles of work at one time and only one test is given a week instead of a lot of test in different classes at one time. But the best thing of all about college online is being able to spend time at home. Being able to spend time at home is the important factor about attending school online. In fact this is one of the main reason for a lot of people not finishing college. Most people when are ask while they are not in school or still attending school they tend to say that they canââ¬â¢t find the to or If they have kids they say that they donââ¬â¢t have anyone to keep them. Well this is all true and by attending a college on campus this is bad process to worry about but by attending college online you donââ¬â¢t have to worry about any of these things because you can do your online course any where, as long as you have your laptop or a desktop computer and internet service. You can also take your kids along where ever you go. When on the other hand when you attend college on campus you have different times to be in a class and you canââ¬â¢t bring your kids, that means than know you would have to worry about finding someone to keep the kid and that also going to cost extra money. In other words no matter what people seems to compare in life everything is going to have there own pros and cons. Even if it something you like or dislike. But whatever you compare just make sure the answer you come up with is something you are sure to enjoy. How to cite Pros and Cons of Attending School Online or on Campus, Essay examples
Saturday, December 7, 2019
Role of Prophets in the Book of Jonah ââ¬Free Samples For Students
Question: What Is Role of Prophets in the Book of Jonah? Answer: Introduction During the salvation history in Israel, God used prophets to perform important roles to the people. There are different ways in which the prophets received and disseminated their messages. This was in spite varied experience that the prophets had the manner in which they also conveyed their experiences. During these periods, there were two classes of prophets; the true and the false prophets. The true prophets did not proclaim their prophetic messages in an automatic and mechanical manner and hence they were in a constant search for certainty. As a result, the narratives of the call of many prophets in the bible as described by the literature of prophets indicates that there was always a feeling of uncertainty and doubts at the time of calling of these prophets. Most calls from God were in the form of vision or a command by God. On the other hand, it is important to make a consideration to the audience of the prophetic messages[1]. In most cases, the people of Israel, to which the pr ophets were sent to, were not sure on whether to accept or reject the prophetic messages. This is because it was not easy to make a distinction between the true and the false prophets since the latter had become so rampant in Israel. In order to be unique, the true prophets of God including Jonah used to make reference to the ancestral history and lineage of Israelites to their fore fathers by use of theological beliefs[2]. For instance, they would make a relationship in the lineage of Abraham, Moses, Judah, Israel, David and all the way to the anticipated birth of the Messiah, Jesus Christ. In this paper, the roles of prophets, various prophetic models and the significance of satirism in the book of Jonah are presented. The role of prophets The bible clearly states that God decided to choose Israel as his own nation so that He would manifest His glory through them. However, He used the prophets to be his advocates to speak to the people His messages and promises[3]. In this case, the prophetic messages were meant to make other nations to receive blessings and know that He was truly the Living God. The prophets were also meant to make the people know that God was their creator and He had good plans for them if only they accepted to live according to His holy will. Through the prophets, God gave the Israelites His laws via which they were required to abide and live by, so that He would still be their God. However, there laws later came to cause serious conflicts between God and His people due to disobedience and the ill motives that the kings of the Israelites had to the people and Gods prophets. Some theologist also suggest that the calling of the prophets was through the inspiration by the holy Spirit, in order to inspi re them to be committed to speak the truth and ensure that justice was given to the people[4]. Another role of the prophets is that they were mediators of the will of God, indicating that they were supposed to live according to the commandments of God. In this case, they were supposed to be obedient God and do whatever He required of them. This is the reason as to why Jonah, after being released from the belly of the Shark, he began the miseries of preaching to the Israelites and condemning the evil acts if the rulers of those days. Just as Jonah, the prophets were supposed to live by faith and hope upon the mercies of God to give them strength to handle all the challenges and rebellions. This is because it is believed that a true prophet of God should prophesy using the name of God and that all that they prophesy must come to pass[5]. On the other hand, the false prophets in Israel who spoke about the small gods did not have their prophesies come true, for instance the prophets of Baal. During the calling of prophets, God used various ways which include visions, dreams, or audio speaking. In the book of Numbers, God said Listen to my words, where there is a prophet among you, I, the lord will reveal my visions, and speak to them in dreams. This is the common feature which therefore distinguished the true prophets of God from other false prophets. As the massagers of God, the prophets were supposed to reveal the nature and attributes of God to the people by use of the messages from God[6]. Moreover in their preaching, the prophets were tasked with calling back the people of Israel to God and make them live by His laws. They were also required to make people turn to the true worship of God as the true God and turn away from the worship of the false gods. The prophets are also supposed to warn the people of the impending divine judgment should they fail to change their evil ways of living. The prophets including Jonah also made prophesies concerning the future events w hich God had promised His people, i.e. the coming of the messiah. The prophets of God in Israel had various differences but they had some things in common, that they all preached against sin, concerning Gods judgment, love repentance, mercy, forgiveness and the wrath of God. There were a few cases however, when some conditional prophesies which did not come to pass when the people of Israel turned back to God through repentance and fasting, for instance when Prophet Jonah had prophesied disaster in Nineveh, and then God withdrew His plans as indicated in Jonah 2. The prophets also were classified as being foretelling prophets whose major role was to call back people to god through change in their ways of living[7]. In this case, these prophets would give the people of Israel enough time to prepare through obedience and prayers. They also promised the people that God would restore them back in future through the coming of the Messiah, as the anointed one of God. The messiah as the prophets preached would the perfect one of God whose role would be to redeem mankind and bring about a restoration. Since salvation and judgment through God were the key messages to the Israelites, God found it important to express His heart through the prophets[8]. In this aspect, God communicated His will to the people of Israel through the prophets just like Jonah and others. This is what was propagated all the way to the new testaments where the disciples of Jesus, who are described to have seen and heard much of what the prophets in the old testament wished to but did not hear nor see. This clearly indicates that the prophets were integral in the efforts to make it clear the good plans and intentions which God had for His people[9]. Models of the prophetic Prediction A teaching derived from the prophetic ministry of prophet Jonah in the bible is that it is not good to run away from God. Moreover, it insists that there is no clear avenue for running away from God. From an anti-Semitic view, prophet Noah is viewed to be a man who fled and was angry with God and later hid in a bush with wishes that he would die[10]. Although this might seem to be a selfish act, again Prophet Jonah later appeared to be more concerned with the feelings of people towards God and not the people thought of him as an individual. During the prophetic ministries of Prophet Jonah, the conditions were not favorable, just like the times of many other prophets in the Bible in the Old Testament. There were many social, political and religious disorders which were dominant in Israel. This is the period when Israel had been captured by Syria, whose capital was Nineveh. As a result, Jonah faced difficulties because the people of Israel had just lost their independence, while the ho me land of Jonah and Nineveh city were not stable politically[11]. During this time, Jonah was tasked with acting as a man of God to the Israelites so as to give an indication of how high their status was to God. All this was in the effort of God to restore the relationship with His people following the fall of man in sin[12]. The book of Jonah is in some way one of the least understood books in the Bible since it portrays Prophet Jonah as a man who escapes but later accepted the will of God. At first, the people of Nineveh mocked him but towards the end of Chapter four, Jonah felt some form of acceptance because of the suffering and hardships that he was supposed to bear in his prophetic duties. The prophetic life and messages of prophet Jonah are depicted the power of penitence whereby one, God was angry with Jonah for escaping from His ministry during his calling, and two, that God had decided that He would overturn Nineveh if the city did not repent its sins. Call to repentance The major theme in the book of Jonah is that God wants man to fats, repent, obey God and love their enemies. God has pity and mercy over His people and encourages people to preach against evil doings on the society. In the bible, Jonah became angry when God resisted destroying the Israelites as He had promised. This indicates that although God hates wrong doers, He is ready to forgive them if they repent. Moreover, the repentance is meant for all people, both Israelites and non Israelites, which means that the love of God is universal[13]. Significance of the satirical depiction of Prophet Jonah The satirical depiction of Prophet Jonah clearly indicates this prophet in his trials and errors in his early prophetic career. Finally, Jonah submits to the will of God and accepts to go to Nineveh. Following several tribulations, Jonah felt so emotional and began to wish himself dead. It is argued that God took a long time to explain His mercies to Jonah, as evidenced by the occurrences which took place during his call (Jonah 4: 6-10). The use of satire to depict the nature and feature of Prophet Jonah offers a smile to the Bible readers as they offer teachings and corrections[14]. The prophetic life and message of Jonah is important to both Israelites and all the Christian of the modern date. It offers a declaration of the desires of God for missionaries to spread the gospel. God clearly abdicates that He will be perseverant with unwilling spokesmen but in the end His will be done on Earth. The name Jonah, according to the Hebrew, means a dove, which is a bird which is loyal to it s mate. Thus Prophet Jonah was named so because he represented his total loyalty to God in the proclamation of His word to the Israelites. The satire in the book of Prophet Jonah is indicative of abuse and ridicule of a behavior which creates fun and makes many more people want to read it and finally get spiritual inspiration. The experiences of Jonah in the belly of a big fish for three days might appear funny and unimaginable but it was a source of change in his attitude[15]. From experiences of other sailors who drawn in the sea, they are completely destroyed by the whales and die. Thus, the experience of Jonah coming out alive from the fish made him to be obedient and marks a sign of Gods power upon him[16]. Later, he heeded to Gods calling and went to Nineveh where his prophetic work drew many people back to God. Genre of Jonah (the structure form) According to Mc., initially, the importance of form critical analysis begins with understanding that the unit to be studied is the book of Jonah. The beginning or the end of the book of Jonah is not the issues, but the whole context is important in making a criticism and hence the understanding of the book[17]. Sometimes, many readers raise questions regarding the psalm which is found in Jonah 2: 3-10. However, with time it is realized that the psalm is very important to the success of this book. In the beginning, Jonah is called just like other prophets of God but in a unique statement which states, The word of Yahweh came to Jonah the son of Amiltai saying (Jonah 1:1). In the books of other prophetic books, they begin with, the word God came to Conclusion The bible clearly depicts the role that the prophets of God like Jonah had to play for the salvation of Israel. It is important to know that the prevailing conditions social, economic and political of those days of the prophets were not favorable and these prophets faced many challenges. However, they succeeded and were able to make the people to turn to the love and mercy of God. The story of the calling of Jonah has also emphasized that people can never hide from God and His will must be done. References Ackerman, James S. "Jonah." The Literary Guide to the Bible (1987): 234-43. Anderson, Bradford A. "Old Testament Theology, Revisited: RWL Moberly and Reading the Hebrew Bible as Christian Scripture." Cithara 55, no. 1 (2015): 35. Bolin, Thomas M. "Should I Not Also Pity Nineveh?'Divine Freedom in the Book of Jonah." Journal for the Study of the Old Testament 20, no. 67 (1995): 109-121. Braley, Jeffrey John. But None Will Be Given It Except The Sign Of The Prophet Jonah: Matt 12: 39. Destiny Image Publishers, 2014. Campbell, A. "The Study Companion to Old Testament Literature." Theological Studies 52, no. 2 (1991): 387. Cooper, Alan. "In Praise of Divine Caprice: The Significance of the Book of Jonah." journal for the study of the old testament supplement series (1993): 144-144. Coote, Robert B. Amos among the Prophets. Wipf and Stock Publishers, 2005. Fingert, Hyman H. "Psychoanalytic study of the minor prophet, Jonah." The Psychoanalytic Review (1913-1957) 41 (1954): 55. Matherne, John D., and Nathan Eubank. "More than Just the Fish: An Exegesis of the Prophet Jonah." (2014). McKenzie, Steven L. How to Read the Bible: History, Prophecy, Literature--Why Modern Readers Need to Know the Difference and What It Means for Faith Today. Oxford University Press, 2005. Mirza, Younus Y. "Was Ibn Kath?r the Spokespersonfor Ibn Taymiyya? Jonah as a Prophet of Obedience." Journal of Qur'anic Studies 16, no. 1 (2014): 1-19. Payne, Robin. "The Prophet Jonah: Reluctant Messenger and Intercessor." The Expository Times 100, no. 4 (1989): 131-134. Scott, Robert BY. "The Sign of Jonah: An Interpretation." Union Seminary Magazine 19, no. 1 (1965): 16-25. Stanton, Gerald B. "The Prophet Jonah and His Message." Bibl Sac 108 (1951). Szarmach, Paul E. "Three versions of the Jonah story: an investigation of narrative technique in Old English homilies." Anglo-Saxon England 1 (1972): 183-192. Thompson, Thomas L. "Creating the Past: Biblical Narrative as Interpretive Discourse." Collegium Biblicum rsskrift (CB) 1 (2015): 7-23. Wilson, Ambrose John. "The Sign of the Prophet Jonah and Its Modern Confirmations."." Princeton Theological Review 25 (1927): 630-42. [1] John, Braley, Jeffrey. But None Will Be Given It Except The Sign Of The Prophet Jonah: Matt 12: 39. Destiny Image Publishers, 2014. [2] Younus Y. Mirza. "Was Ibn Kath?r the Spokespersonfor Ibn Taymiyya? Jonah as a Prophet of Obedience." Journal of Qur'anic Studies 16, no. 1 (2014): 1-19. [3] Bradford A. Anderson. "Old Testament Theology, Revisited: RWL Moberly and Reading the Hebrew Bible as Christian Scripture." Cithara 55, no. 1 (2015): 35. [4] Hyman H. Fingert. "Psychoanalytic study of the minor prophet, Jonah." The Psychoanalytic Review (1913-1957) 41 (1954): 55. [5] Robin, Payne. "The Prophet Jonah: Reluctant Messenger and Intercessor." The Expository Times 100, no. 4 (1989): 131-134. [6] Gerald . B, Stanton, Gerald B. "The Prophet Jonah and His Message." Bibl Sac 108 (1951). [7] Wilson Ambrose John. "The Sign of the Prophet Jonah and Its Modern Confirmations."." Princeton Theological Review 25 (1927): 630-42. [8] Robert, Scott BY. "The Sign of Jonah: An Interpretation." Union Seminary Magazine 19, no. 1 (1965): 16-25. [9] Alan, Cooper. "In Praise of Divine Caprice: The Significance of the Book of Jonah." journal for the study of the old testament supplement series (1993): 144-144. [10] Paul, Szarmach, E. "Three versions of the Jonah story: an investigation of narrative technique in Old English homilies." Anglo-Saxon England 1 (1972): 183-192. [11] Thomas, Thompson, L. "Creating the Past: Biblical Narrative as Interpretive Discourse." Collegium Biblicum rsskrift (CB) 1 (2015): 7-23. [12] James, Ackerman. S. "Jonah." The Literary Guide to the Bible (1987): 234-43. [13] John, Matherne, D., and Eubank, Nathan. "More than Just the Fish: An Exegesis of the Prophet Jonah." (2014). [14] Thomas, Bolin, M. "Should I Not Also Pity Nineveh?'Divine Freedom in the Book of Jonah." Journal for the Study of the Old Testament 20, no. 67 (1995): 109-121. [15] Campbell, A. "The Study Companion to Old Testament Literature." Theological Studies 52, no. 2 (1991): 387. [16] Robert, Coote, B. Amos among the Prophets. Wipf and Stock Publishers, 2005. [17] McKenzie, Steven L. How to Read the Bible: History, Prophecy, Literature--Why Modern Readers Need to Know the Difference and What It Means for Faith Today. Oxford University Press, 2005.
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